01 - Preheat oven to 350°F. Grease a 9x13-inch baking dish with butter or cooking spray.
02 - Slice croissants into 1–2 inch pieces using a serrated knife. Arrange half the pieces in the bottom of the prepared dish and scatter half the blueberries evenly on top.
03 - In a medium bowl, beat together cream cheese, 1/2 cup sugar, and vanilla extract until smooth and creamy using an electric mixer or hand whisk.
04 - Dollop spoonfuls of the cream cheese mixture over the croissants and berries, spreading gently to cover the surface.
05 - Layer the remaining croissant pieces on top, followed by the remaining blueberries.
06 - In a separate bowl, whisk together eggs, whole milk, heavy cream, and 1/3 cup sugar until completely smooth and well combined.
07 - Pour the egg mixture evenly over the entire casserole. Press the croissant pieces down gently with the back of a spoon to help them absorb the liquid.
08 - Drizzle the melted butter over the top. Let the dish stand at room temperature for 10 minutes to allow the croissants to soak up the custard.
09 - Bake uncovered for 35–40 minutes until golden brown and set in the center. If the top begins to brown too quickly, cover loosely with aluminum foil during the last 10 minutes of baking.
10 - Let the casserole cool for 10 minutes before serving. Dust with powdered sugar just before serving, if desired.